What process expands the end of tubes to create a flare shape for joining to the tube sheet?

The process that expands the end of tubes to create a flare shape for joining to the tube sheet is known as flaring. Flare fittings are commonly used in applications where a tight seal is necessary, especially under conditions involving high pressure or temperature. When a tube is flared, its end is mechanically altered to form a conical shape, which allows for a larger surface area to create a tight connection when it is joined with another component, such as a tube sheet.

This technique is particularly important in boiler systems, as it helps to ensure that there are no leaks at the joint and promotes the efficiency of the overall system. The flared end can be easily fitted into a corresponding receiving part, which is essential for maintaining structural integrity and operational safety in boiler applications.